Revised Penal Code

The Revised Penal Code in the Philippines addresses various criminal offenses including unlawful publication of false information under Article 154, which penalizes spreading news that endangers public order or harms state interests. Recently, the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) filed complaints against Raul Lambino and Ronald Cardema for allegedly disseminating false information about former President Rodrigo Duterte's arrest, highlighting the challenges in combating fake news despite existing legal frameworks. Authorities continue to face difficulties in defining 'fake news' legally, prompting calls for clearer guidelines and a monitoring body similar to the Kapisanan ng mga Krusada sa Karunungan (KKB) to curb disinformation.